Terrain to Raster

Creating Raster by using Terrain 

Step 1,

Open Terrain model using ArcMap

 (Use this link for creating new terrain http://effective-gis.blogspot.com/2013/12/create-digital-terrain-model.html)

Step 2,

Go to ArcToolbox - 3D Analyst Tools - Conversion - From Terrain - Terrain to Raster

Step 3,

Use your Terrain as "Input Terrain" change "Sampling Distance " as you required...

Step 4,

Press "OK"

Step 5,

You can change the colors using Symbology 

How to Convert OpenStreetMap data (.gpx) in to Shapefile (ESRI)

When we needs to add OpenStreetMap data (.gpx) data into ArcMap we have to convert it into Shapefiles where we have to use different converters to do so, Here I have used simplest way to convert OpenStreetMap data (.gpx) data into ESRI Shapefile by opening OpenStreetMap data (.gpx) data through  QGIS.

Step 1,

Open QGIS

Step 2,

then go to Layers - Add Vector Layer

Step 3,

Brows to your OpenStreetMap data (.gpx) and select file type as 'All Files',

Step 4, 

Select vector layer you wants to add (In this case I have used routes)

Step 5,

You can see your downloaded road network.

Step 6,

 Right click on your layer - Save as - ESRI Shapefile 

Step 7,

Select Coordinate system you need

Step 8,

Open ArcMap - Add layer

Step 9,

Even if you open the attribute table you can find the Road names...

How to download Road layers from OpenStreetMap (OSM)

When we need a updated road layers we can easily download from OSM by using JOSM (Java (OpenStreetMap Editor ).

Step 1,
Open JOSM - File - New Layer

Step 2,
Imagery (Select imagery you need to download Road Network)

Step 3,

File - Download from OSM

Step 4,

Draw a box in area where you need to download Road Network. Then press 'Download'.

Step 5,

Save your layer

Range Fan

This Range fan shows areas that are within the reach of any weapons system under ideal conditions. The tool will accept multiple input locations, and will create a range fan for each input point. This tool is helpful for evaluating placement of weapon systems.

Step 1,
Open ArcMap
Visibility and Range Tools - Visibility Toolset - Range Fan

Step 2- 

Enter values according to your weapon's specifications. 

Step 3-

Press 'OK'

Linear Line Of Sight

Linear Line Of Sight tool to determine visibility between observers and targets. The analysis can be apply in an urban setting area, Military bases, etc… which includes buildings, walls, and other structures. The Linear Line Of Sight tool will use the features representing these structures to identify obstructions between the observer and targets.

Step 1,

Open ArcMap and add base map and a obstructions layer. (you can create your own Obstruction layer )

Step 2, 

Visibility and Range Tools - Visibility Toolset - Liner line of sight 

Step 3,

Using Editor Tool bar we can mark observers point. 

Step 4

Then we have to mark targets

Step 5,

Change the symbols of observer and the targets  if required. 

Step 6

We can change the obstruction's height, target height and even observers height by using attribute tables of each layers. 

Step 6

Select your surface as "Input surface", as a "Input obstruction Features" select obstruction layer. As a output give a any name you like....

Step 7

 press "OK".

The lines are colored green and red to correspond to the part of the line that is visible (green) and not visible (red) to the observer.Note that at this scale, buildings, not the terrain, are the primary reason for the observer not being able to see the targets.

Radial Line of Sight

After  know the highest point in a particular area, the next task is to determine what can be seen from that point. To do this use the Radial Line of Sight tool. We can use the Radial Line of Sight tool to understand what can be seen from the highest point, or to investigate a number of possible observation points.

Step 1,

Use your Highest Point for this analysis also,

Visibility and Range Tools - Visibility Tool set - Radial Line of Sight 

Step 2,

Click on the Highest Point mark on the Map, then as a observer select that point, 

Step 3,

Let's suppose that the area that area of interest for this observation location is to the south of the

hills in a wide, wedge shaped area between 90 degrees and 230 degrees from the observer. The

default values for the observer location assume that you want to check visibility in a 360 degree

area. You can change these defaults to restrict the field of view of the modeled observer. In the

Attributes window change the value in Left azimuth in horizontal field of view to 90 and the

value in Right azimuth in horizontal field of view to 230. Change Farthest Distance to 6000.

Step 4,

The tool will run and add a feature to the map representing visible areas from the input point. The

polygons are colored green and red to correspond to the areas that are visible (green) and not

visible (red) from the observer location.

Highest Point

Highest Point

When planning operations in unfamiliar terrain, one of the first tasks is determining where to place
observers. High points on the terrain generally command the best views, making them desirable locations for observers. To identify the highest point in a given area, you use the Highest Point tool.

Step 1,

Open Arc-Globe - Add map -

Step 2,

Select Customize - Extensions - Check 3D Analyst and Spatial Analyst.

Step 3,

Visibility and Range Tools - Visibility Tool set - Highest Point

then as input area select layer your working with then draw a polygon on the map. select it as input surface.